Can an Orthodontist Remove Wisdom Teeth? Understanding the Right Specialist for the Job
Why Wisdom Teeth Removal Matters for Dental Health
Wisdom teeth, or third molars, typically emerge between the ages of 17 and 25. While some people have no issues with them, many experience pain, crowding, or impaction, leading to removal. Wisdom tooth extraction is a common dental procedure, but it is essential to have the right specialist perform it.
Orthodontists focus on aligning teeth and jaws, often recommending wisdom teeth removal if they interfere with orthodontic treatment. However, they are not the primary professionals for performing extractions. Understanding who should remove your wisdom teeth ensures a safe and effective procedure.
What Are Wisdom Teeth and Why Do They Need Removal?
Wisdom teeth are the last set of molars at the back of the mouth. Due to evolution and changes in diet, modern human jaws are often too small to accommodate them. This can result in several issues:
- Impaction – Wisdom teeth may not fully erupt, becoming trapped in the jawbone or gum tissue.
- Crowding – Emerging wisdom teeth can push other teeth out of alignment.
- Infection and Decay – Their hard-to-reach position makes them prone to cavities and gum infections.
- Pain and Swelling – Inflammation around partially erupted wisdom teeth can cause significant discomfort.
For these reasons, dentists and orthodontists often recommend wisdom teeth removal, but who performs the procedure matters.
Who Removes Wisdom Teeth: Orthodontist vs. Oral Surgeon vs. General Dentist
While orthodontists play a crucial role in identifying when wisdom teeth need removal, they typically refer patients to other dental professionals for extraction.
1. Orthodontists – Experts in Alignment, Not Surgery
Orthodontists specialise in diagnosing and correcting misaligned teeth and jaws. If wisdom teeth threaten the success of braces or clear aligners, an orthodontist may suggest extraction. However, they do not perform surgery and will refer patients to a qualified dental professional.
2. General Dentists – Routine Extractions
A general dentist can extract wisdom teeth if they have fully erupted and the removal is straightforward. They perform routine dental surgeries but may refer complex cases to an oral surgeon.
3. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons – Specialists in Complex Cases
Oral surgeons are the most qualified specialists for impacted, difficult-to-reach, or surgically complex wisdom teeth. They are trained in surgical extractions and can handle potential complications like nerve involvement or deep impaction.
When Does an Orthodontist Recommend Wisdom Teeth Removal?
Although orthodontists do not remove wisdom teeth, they play a crucial role in deciding if extraction is necessary. Common situations where an orthodontist may recommend removal include:
- Before Orthodontic Treatment – If wisdom teeth are likely to cause crowding or disrupt alignment during braces treatment.
- During Orthodontic Treatment – If an emerging wisdom tooth begins to shift aligned teeth, causing potential relapse.
- After Braces Removal – To maintain alignment and prevent wisdom teeth from pushing straightened teeth out of place.
- Bite Issues and Jaw Pain – If wisdom teeth contribute to bite problems or cause discomfort in the jaw joint.
What Happens During Wisdom Tooth Removal?
Once an orthodontist recommends extraction, a dentist or oral surgeon will evaluate the situation. The process typically includes:
1. Initial Consultation and X-Rays
The dentist or oral surgeon will assess X-rays to determine the position of the wisdom teeth. They will discuss whether local or general anaesthesia is needed based on the complexity of the extraction.
2. The Extraction Procedure
- Simple Extractions – If the tooth has fully erupted, it is removed with forceps under local anaesthesia.
- Surgical Extractions – If the tooth is impacted, the surgeon makes an incision in the gum, removes bone around the tooth, and then extracts it in sections if necessary.
3. Recovery and Aftercare
- Patients typically experience swelling and discomfort for a few days.
- Soft foods, pain relief medication, and proper oral hygiene are essential for healing.
- Avoiding smoking and using straws prevents dry sockets, a painful condition where the blood clot dislodges from the socket.
- Ice packs can help reduce swelling, and rinsing with salt water after the first 24 hours can promote healing.
- Full recovery usually takes one to two weeks, depending on the complexity of the procedure.
Risks and Considerations for Wisdom Tooth Extraction
Although wisdom tooth removal is a common procedure, it carries some risks, including:
- Infection – Bacteria can enter the extraction site if not kept clean.
- Nerve Damage – The lower wisdom teeth are close to the inferior alveolar nerve, and improper extraction can cause temporary or permanent numbness.
- Dry Socket – Failure to form a proper blood clot can expose the bone, causing severe pain.
- Sinus Issues – Upper wisdom teeth are near the sinuses, and removal can occasionally lead to sinus complications.
Choosing an experienced professional for extraction minimises these risks.
Alternative Solutions to Wisdom Tooth Extraction
In some cases, wisdom tooth removal may not be necessary. Alternative solutions include:
- Monitoring Growth – Regular X-rays and check-ups can determine if wisdom teeth are likely to cause problems.
- Partial Eruption Management – If a wisdom tooth partially erupts but does not cause pain or infection, a dentist may recommend monitoring rather than removal.
- Orthodontic Space Management – Some orthodontists can create space in the jaw to allow wisdom teeth to erupt properly, although this is uncommon.
Frequently Asked Questions About Wisdom Teeth and Orthodontics
1. Can Wisdom Teeth Be Removed While Wearing Braces?
Yes, but it depends on the case. If wisdom teeth are causing problems, an orthodontist may recommend removal during treatment. However, some orthodontists prefer to wait until braces are off.
2. Will Removing Wisdom Teeth Change My Face Shape?
Wisdom tooth removal does not significantly alter facial structure. However, some people notice a subtle reduction in cheek fullness due to decreased swelling or muscle tension.
3. How Much Does Wisdom Tooth Extraction Cost in Australia?
Costs vary based on complexity and provider:
- Simple extraction by a dentist: $150 – $350 per tooth
- Surgical extraction by an oral surgeon: $350 – $600 per tooth
- Complex cases requiring hospitalisation: $2,000+
Medicare does not typically cover wisdom tooth removal, but private health insurance may offer partial reimbursement.
4. How Can I Reduce Pain After Wisdom Tooth Removal?
- Use prescribed or over-the-counter pain medication.
- Apply ice packs to reduce swelling.
- Eat soft foods like yoghurt, mashed potatoes, and smoothies.
- Avoid hard, spicy, or chewy foods for at least a week.
- Follow your dentist’s post-operative care instructions carefully.
Conclusion: Should You See an Orthodontist for Wisdom Tooth Removal?
Orthodontists are not the primary specialists for wisdom tooth extraction, but they play a critical role in determining when removal is necessary. If wisdom teeth threaten dental alignment, they will refer patients to a general dentist or oral surgeon for extraction.
If you suspect your wisdom teeth may be causing issues, consult your orthodontist or dentist for advice. Timely removal can prevent complications and support long-term oral health.
References
https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-are-Wisdom-Teeth.aspx#:~:text=Wisdom%20teeth%20are%20also%20known,in%20the%2040s%20or%2050s.